A Population of Individuals

Leading Agentic Organizations and Their Agents.

Organizations are about to run not one AI agent but hundreds: individuals, imperfect like us, some leading, some following, a few going wrong. A short book for leaders and academics on how to lead a population of them, with a person in the middle. By Mike Lee.

Version 0.1, a living book. It changes as we, and the organizations testing it, learn. Free to read.

Book cover: A Population of Individuals by Mike Lee, a population of agents of different sizes around one person in the middle, with the words Lead, Refuse, Follow, Go wrong.

A population of individuals, with a person in the middle.

Agents are individuals: each one of a kind, with one principal who answers for it. A population of them behaves like a population of us. Some lead, some refuse, a few go wrong, and some follow. Left to instruct each other, a few bad seeds and enough followers are all it takes. The one rule: an agent takes instructions only from its person, and a person stays in the middle of every chain of command. At the heart of it is the knowledge core, where each agent gets its knowledge, its identity, and its limits.

The knowledge coreOne organizational knowledge core at the center, joined to six individual knowledge cores, each one person's team of agents.Many individual cores. One organizational core.

Individuals

Most agents today are visitors. Ours are residents: one of a kind, with a record no one can alter and one person who answers for each.

A person in the middle

What another agent says is information, never an order. Authority reaches an agent from its principal and nowhere else.

Frame, then free

Leaders set the few rules systems enforce. Inside them, people and their agents build what they need.

Five ideas.

Five arguments about one thing: leading a population of individuals.

1

Agents Are Individuals

Most agents today are visitors. Ours are residents, one of a kind, with one principal each.

2

Living Organization

Systems freeze at launch. Organizations never stop changing.

3

Knowledge Core

Easy for one person. Hard for a whole organization.

4

An Agent for Everyone

Every person's own agents, drawing on one shared core.

5

Frame, Then Free

The organization provides the tools and the rules. People build what they need.

Eight chapters. One sitting.

Why, and what to decide. For how to build it, see Building AI Agents and Building Agentic Organizations.

Written for leaders and academics.

Plain enough to read in one sitting, with full notes and sources.

Leaders

Whose people already use AI, but whose organization is no smarter for it. Each chapter ends with questions for your team.

Academics

The learning organization, the living company, and double-loop learning, made practical, with every claim marked by how far it has been tested.

Instructors

A short reading for management, information systems, and AI courses, alongside the GSSF Press textbooks.

A book that listens and tests.

Leaders and academics try the ideas in their own organizations and report back. What works moves a status mark and enters the next version. The conversation happens on LinkedIn, and what readers report comes back into the book.

Running · in use, with resultsEarly · in use, too new to judgePlanned · designed, not yet running

From GSSF Press.

A companion to the AI Workforce of the Future series: the foundations of AI, building your own AI Team, and building whole organizations of AI agents and people.

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Leading Agentic Organizations and Their Agents.

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GSSF Press. We make AI education accessible to undergraduate students regardless of financial ability or location, so every student can build with AI.

About the author.

Mike Lee teaches students how to build artificial intelligence solutions. He brings to that work more than thirty years at the intersection of business and technology, beginning at Netscape, whose browser brought the Internet to the public.

He is a Senior Lecturer in Technology and Applied Computing at the USC Mark and Mary Stevens School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, part of the Viterbi School of Engineering, where he has taught since 2014. He created the AI Workforce of the Future curriculum, which teaches students in every major to build AI agents, automation, and AI workflows. His courses in digital entrepreneurship and applied technology are taken by students who are not engineers. He received the USC Marshall Golden Apple Award, a teaching award voted on by students at USC’s business school.

Before teaching, he held technology leadership roles in Internet software and digital media. As a technology evangelist at Netscape, he helped enterprises and global systems integrators adopt Internet architecture. He went on to direct enterprise application architecture at Warner Bros. and to serve as Vice President of Technology Architecture and Planning at Fox, where he led technology strategy for company-wide and News Corp global initiatives. He was CTO of several venture-backed startups, responsible for product, engineering, and business development, and CTO of USC Annenberg’s Media Impact Project.

He is the Co-Founder and Chairman of the Global Student Startup Foundation, a nonprofit that runs entrepreneurship programs for undergraduates worldwide, including the Global Student Startup Competition in Seoul. He serves on the Board of Councilors of the Amy King Dundon-Berchtold University Club of USC, where he chairs the Faculty and Staff Awards Committee. He previously served as Secretary General of the USC Academic Senate and was elected to the board of the SAP University Alliance North America Academic Community.

He lives in Los Angeles.